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Green IoT for Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Smart Cities: Future Directions and Opportunities

Faris. A. Almalki, S. H. Alsamhi, Radhya Sahal, Jahan Hassan, Ammar Hawbani, N. S. Rajput, Abdu Saif, Jeff Morgan, John Breslin
2021 Journal on spesial topics in mobile networks and applications  
This survey focuses on providing a comprehensive review of the techniques and strategies for making cities smarter, sustainable, and eco-friendly.  ...  Green IoT leads to an eco-friendly environment, which is more sustainable for smart cities.  ...  Moreover, creating a comprehensive system can help to make cities smarter, healthier, and greener.  ... 
doi:10.1007/s11036-021-01790-w fatcat:vlcrka3vpzevhkc4z7ylj7q4ba

Software-defined hyper-cellular architecture for green and elastic wireless access

Sheng Zhou, Tao Zhao, Zhisheng Niu, Shidong Zhou
2016 IEEE Communications Magazine  
We further present key enabling technologies to realize SDHCA, including separation of the air interface, green base station operations, and base station functions virtualization, followed by our hardware  ...  testbed for SDHCA.  ...  For instance in HCA, BSs are classified into two types: control base stations (CBSs) and traffic base stations (TBSs).  ... 
doi:10.1109/mcom.2016.7378420 fatcat:ldl7tm2hf5crjcwfm3i4whsjj4

A scalable multimode base station switching model for green cellular networks

Atm Shafiul Alam, Laurence S. Dooley
2015 2015 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)  
Recently, base station (BS) sleeping has emerged as a viable conservation strategy for energy efficient communication networks.  ...  In this paper, a new scalable multimode BS switching (MMBS) cellular model is presented where depending on the traffic load, each BS operates in multimode: active, lowpower and sleep, so the model dimensions  ...  INTRODUCTION The demand for cellular data traffic has grown dramatically in the past decade compelling operators to deploy base stations (BSs) more densely to ensure the requisite quality and coverage  ... 
doi:10.1109/wcnc.2015.7127585 dblp:conf/wcnc/AlamD15 fatcat:442tuan5tne2bbuktl25g2jcfu

Guest Editorial: Interplay between Machine Learning and Networking Systems

Xiaowen Chu, Xiaoming Fu, Baochun Li, Wei Wang, Hui Zang, Albert Zomaya
2021 IEEE Network  
The article "Smarter Base Station Sleeping for Greener Cellular Networks" aims to achieve greener cellular networks by selectively switching some base stations (BSs) with low predicted traffic into sleep  ...  The next article, "Intimacy-Based Resource Allocation for Network Slicing in 5G via Deep Reinforcement Learning," investigates the resource allocation problem for network slicing in Interplay between MachIne  ... 
doi:10.1109/mnet.2021.9687520 fatcat:eztl5sgsvrbbfpqvgyrxny73oq

Greening Internet of Things for Smart Everythings with A Green-Environment Life: A Survey and Future Prospects [article]

S. H. Alsamhi, Ou Ma, M. Samar Ansari, Qingliang Meng
2018 arXiv   pre-print
To achieve that, it is necessary to put a lot of measures to reduce carbon footprint, conserve fewer resources, and promote efficient techniques for energy usage.  ...  It is the reason for moving towards green IoT, where the machines, communications, sensors, clouds, and internet are alongside energy efficiency and reducing carbon emission.  ...  Network controlled side link communication scheme is used to enable cellular network with better support for massive machine type communication (MMTC) services [91] . Furthermore, Hussain et al.  ... 
arXiv:1805.00844v1 fatcat:gzi3k77bjrfbfbsxg5am4xigoq

Survey on Collaborative Smart Drones and Internet of Things for Improving Smartness of Smart Cities

S. H. Alsamhi, Ou Ma, Mhod Ansari, Faris Almalki
2019 IEEE Access  
Drones can also act as aerial base station (BS) to deliver communication services (both uplink and downlink) for the subscribers on the ground.  ...  Also, in another related work, a drone was considered the middleware for energy efficient discovery in the IoT and sensor networks [15] .  ...  These hot and green technologies, such as machine to machine (M2M) communications, sensors, RFID, 5G cellular networks, etc., make the cities greener and smarter [14] .  ... 
doi:10.1109/access.2019.2934998 fatcat:wn6fmabv6fhrfoh2qtw2jeujry

Energy Efficiency Concerns and Trends in Future 5G Network Infrastructures

Ioannis P. Chochliouros, Michail-Alexandros Kourtis, Anastasia S. Spiliopoulou, Pavlos Lazaridis, Zaharias Zaharis, Charilaos Zarakovitis, Anastasios Kourtis
2021 Energies  
The exponential increases in network traffic and the number of connected devices both make energy efficiency an increasingly important concern for the mobile networks of the (near) future.  ...  Within this scope, energy efficiency has recently gained its own role as a performance measure and design constraint for 5G communication networks and this has identified new challenges for the future.  ...  • As for the equipment level, our potential concerns can be about, for example: (i) efficient 5G power amplifiers; (ii) base-station automatic wake-up/sleep including shutdown on symbol, channel or  ... 
doi:10.3390/en14175392 fatcat:fqsbsv5jjra5hc4neolbhwddhy

Energy Efficiency Tradeoff Mechanism Towards Wireless Green Communication: A Survey

Rajarshi Mahapatra, Yogesh Nijsure, Georges Kaddoum, Naveed Ul Hassan, Chau Yuen
2016 IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials  
The EE tradeoffs have been classified based on each protocol layer and discussed its affect in the network energy efficiency.  ...  are different for different objectives.  ...  It can be expected that using CoMP, network increases the energy consumption in cellular base stations.  ... 
doi:10.1109/comst.2015.2490540 fatcat:zgs4ijt44bg23isvcqe4elv26m

Key technologies to accelerate the ICT Green evolution -- An operator's point of view [article]

Azeddine Gati, Fatma Ezzahra Salem, Ana Maria Galindo Serrano, Didier Marquet, Stephane Le Masson, Thomas Rivera, Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy, Zwi Altman, Jean-Baptiste Landre, Olivier Simon, Esther Le Rouzic, Fabrice Bourgart, Stephane Gosselin, Marc Vautier (+6 others)
2019 arXiv   pre-print
Basically, the paper is a global survey of the evolution of the ICT industry in green networks including optical and wireless networks and from hardware improvement to the software era as well as the green  ...  The present paper is a point of view of a European telecom operator regarding green networking.  ...  Indeed, numerous 5G network base stations and 5G devices could play the role of sources.  ... 
arXiv:1903.09627v1 fatcat:dk5j5eoyazhyxlzajsbbtejhly

Internet of Things (IoT) For Next-Generation Smart Systems: A Review of Current Challenges, Future Trends and Prospects for Emerging 5G-IoT Scenarios

Kinza Shafique, Bilal A. Khawaja, Farah Sabir, Sameer Qazi, Muhammad Mustaqim
2020 IEEE Access  
Fifth Generation (5G) cellular networks provide key enabling technologies for ubiquitous deployment of the IoT technology.  ...  (CRAN), software-defined wireless sensor networking (SD-WSN), network function virtualization (NFV) and cognitive radios (CRs).  ...  This paved the way towards the new concept -small, low-power cellular base station (BS). These cells are low power, compact and portable BSs which are placed meters apart.  ... 
doi:10.1109/access.2020.2970118 fatcat:nfnkgalj4rcudnspjp5zgencgm

Improved Capacity and Fairness of Massive Machine Type Communications in Millimetre Wave 5G Network

Naser Al-Falahy, Omar Alani
2018 Computers  
The mutual use of Distributed Base Stations (DBS) with Remote Radio Units (RRU) and the adoption of the millimetre wave band, particularly in the 26 GHz range, have been considered the key enabling technologies  ...  for addressing MTC traffic growth.  ...  RRU system design includes transceivers, Distributed Base Station In the radio access network (RAN) [21] , the cellular network is modelled with Base Stations (BS)s that are responsible for providing  ... 
doi:10.3390/computers7010016 fatcat:wsrbd4tg5zen5hoxkij52rwaiu

Big Data Meet Cyber-Physical Systems: A Panoramic Survey [article]

Rachad Atat, Lingjia Liu, Jinsong Wu, Guangyu Li, Chunxuan Ye, Yang Yi
2018 arXiv   pre-print
, CPS require cybersecurity to protect them against malicious attacks and unauthorized intrusion, which become a challenge with the enormous amount of data that is continuously being generated in the network  ...  Compared with other survey papers, this is the first panoramic survey on big data for CPS, where our objective is to provide a panoramic summary of different CPS aspects.  ...  In wireless cellular networks, when mobile terminals can directly communicate each other without the aids of central stations or base stations, the communications in those scenarios are called device-to-device  ... 
arXiv:1810.12399v1 fatcat:2diydpforraofhyhhkfs3fnjtu

Big Data Meet Cyber-Physical Systems: A Panoramic Survey

Rachad Atat, Lingjia Liu, Jinsong Wu, Guangyu Li, Chunxuan Ye, Yi Yang
2018 IEEE Access  
Thus, we also provide an overview of the different security solutions proposed for CPS big data storage, access, and analytics.  ...  CPS requires cybersecurity to protect them against malicious attacks and unauthorized intrusion, which become a challenge with the enormous amount of data that are continuously being generated in the network  ...  In wireless cellular networks, when mobile terminals can directly communicate each other without the aids of central stations or base stations, the communications in those scenarios are called device-to-device  ... 
doi:10.1109/access.2018.2878681 fatcat:czfu37subng6bl3sgd3a243vn4

Flexible Spectrum Orchestration Of Carrier Aggregation ForSg-advanced

Xianghui Han, Chunli Liang, Ruiqi Liu, Xingguang Wei, Mengzhu Chen, Yu-Ngok Ruyue Li, Shi Jin
2023 IEEE Communications Standards Magazine  
With increasing availability of spectrum in the market due to new spectrum allocation and re-farming bands from previous cellular generation networks, a more flexible, efficient and green usage of the  ...  In this article, we provide an overview on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) work on flexible spectrum orchestration for carrier aggregation (CA).  ...  A smarter and greener society will come along with the development of 5G-Advanced.  ... 
doi:10.1109/mcomstd.0004.2200068 fatcat:rootp56ao5fwdkkd77te4yrlxa

SmartEdge: An end-to-end encryption framework for an edge-enabled smart city application

Mian Ahmad Jan, Wenjing Zhang, Muhammad Usman, Zhiyuan Tan, Fazlullah Khan, Entao Luo
2019 Journal of Network and Computer Applications  
In this paper, we propose an end-to-end encryption framework, SmartEdge, for a smart city application by executing computationally complex tasks at the network edge and cloud data centers.  ...  the resource utilization of the entire network.  ...  The presence of these devices makes a city smarter by generating a huge amount of data that can be leveraged for various services such as, safety and privacy, infotainment, better health facilities, greener  ... 
doi:10.1016/j.jnca.2019.02.023 fatcat:mvahmim3hvbbfg66zxragv6wmq
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