The use of multiple substrates in color printers requires color characterization for each of the individual substrates. A full re-characterization for each substrate is measurement and labor intensive. In this article, a variety of methods are proposed and evaluated for determining the color characterization for a new substrate based on a complete characterization on a reference substrate and a small number of additional measurements for the new substrate. This saves significant time and effort

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... in comparison to the traditional method of repeating the color characterization for each new substrate. The methods developed and tested include model-based approaches based on Beer's law, Kubelka-Munk theory, and Neugebauer equations; and an empirical technique based on principal component analysis. Results indicate that the model based techniques offer only a small improvement over direct use of the reference characterization, whereas, the empirical technique offers a more significant improvement with as few as 26 measurements on the new substrate.