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Add documentation for vector search and embeddings in SQL Server
- Created new FAQ document for vectors and embeddings (vectors-faq.md) covering common questions and best practices.
- Added detailed guide on vector search and vector indexes (vectors.md) including examples and explanations of exact and approximate search methods.
- Updated index and navigation links to reflect new documentation structure for AI and vector features.
- Revised related content links across various documents to point to the new vectors and embeddings resources.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/connect/driver-feature-matrix.md
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@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ We wish all drivers supported every feature and spend effort to ensure feature p
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|[Transparent Network IP Resolution](odbc/using-transparent-network-ip-resolution.md)||[Yes](/dotnet/api/microsoft.data.sqlclient.sqlconnection.connectionstring?view=sqlclient-dotnet-1.1&preserve-view=true)||[Yes](/dotnet/api/system.data.sqlclient.sqlconnection.connectionstring?view=netframework-4.8&preserve-view=true)|
|[JSON data type](../relational-databases/json/json-data-sql-server.md)| Yes (v6.0+) | Yes (v6.0+) |||
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|[Vector data type](../relational-databases/vectors/vectors-sql-server.md)| Yes (v6.1+) | Yes (v6.1+) |||
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|[Vector (float32) data type](../t-sql/data-types/vector-data-type.md)| Yes (v6.1+) | Yes (v6.1+) |||
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| <aid="table2"></a>Feature |[ODBC Driver for SQL Server on Windows](odbc/microsoft-odbc-driver-for-sql-server.md)|[ODBC Driver for SQL Server on Linux and macOS](odbc/microsoft-odbc-driver-for-sql-server.md)|[JDBC Driver for SQL Server](jdbc/microsoft-jdbc-driver-for-sql-server.md)|[OLE DB Driver for SQL Server](oledb/oledb-driver-for-sql-server.md)|
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| :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- |
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|[JSON data type](../relational-databases/json/json-data-sql-server.md)|||[Yes](jdbc/use-json-data-type.md) (v13.2+) ||
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|[Vector data type](../relational-databases/vectors/vectors-sql-server.md)|||[Yes](jdbc/use-vector-data-type.md) (v13.2+) ||
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|[Vector (float32) data type](../t-sql/data-types/vector-data-type.md)|||[Yes](jdbc/use-vector-data-type.md) (v13.2+) ||
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| <aid="table3"></a>Feature |[Drivers for PHP for SQL Server on Windows](php/microsoft-php-driver-for-sql-server.md)<sup>[1](#note1)</sup> |[Drivers for PHP for SQL Server on Linux and macOS](php/microsoft-php-driver-for-sql-server.md)<sup>[1](#note1)</sup> |[Tedious (Node.js)](node-js/node-js-driver-for-sql-server.md)|[pyODBC (Python)](python/pyodbc/python-sql-driver-pyodbc.md)<sup>[1](#note1)</sup> |[Go (go-lang)](https://aka.ms/go-mssqldb)|
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| :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- | :-- |
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|[Transparent Network IP Resolution](odbc/using-transparent-network-ip-resolution.md)|[Yes](php/php-driver-for-sql-server-support-for-high-availability-disaster-recovery.md)|[Yes](php/php-driver-for-sql-server-support-for-high-availability-disaster-recovery.md)||[Yes](odbc/using-transparent-network-ip-resolution.md)| Yes |
|[JSON data type](../relational-databases/json/json-data-sql-server.md)|||||
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|[Vector data type](../relational-databases/vectors/vectors-sql-server.md)|||||
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|[Vector (float32) data type](../t-sql/data-types/vector-data-type.md)|||||
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<aid="note1"></a><sup>1</sup> Since these drivers rely on the Microsoft ODBC Driver for SQL Server, a version of that driver that supports the feature must also be used.
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Azure SQL and SQL Server provide extensive support for fine-grained access security:
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-[Get started with Database Engine permissions](../relational-databases/security/authentication-access/getting-started-with-database-engine-permissions.md): Control access to database objects at a granular level using permissions.
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-[Row-Level Security (RLS)](../relational-databases/security/row-level-security.md): Control access to rows in a table based on the characteristics of the user executing a query. You can see RLS in action in this [video](https://youtu.be/Uddhx8Bu2ZM?si=90_i05RjhQarN7Jk&t=1236).
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-[Dynamic data masking](../relational-databases/security/dynamic-data-masking.md): Limit the exposure of sensitive data by masking it to non-privileged users.
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-[Always Encrypted](../relational-databases/security/encryption/always-encrypted-database-engine.md): Protect sensitive data by encrypting it at rest and in transit, ensuring that only authorized users can access the unencrypted data.
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-[Get started with Database Engine permissions](../../relational-databases/security/authentication-access/getting-started-with-database-engine-permissions.md): Control access to database objects at a granular level using permissions.
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-[Row-Level Security (RLS)](../../relational-databases/security/row-level-security.md): Control access to rows in a table based on the characteristics of the user executing a query. You can see RLS in action in this [video](https://youtu.be/Uddhx8Bu2ZM?si=90_i05RjhQarN7Jk&t=1236).
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-[Dynamic data masking](../../relational-databases/security/dynamic-data-masking.md): Limit the exposure of sensitive data by masking it to non-privileged users.
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-[Always Encrypted](../../relational-databases/security/encryption/always-encrypted-database-engine.md): Protect sensitive data by encrypting it at rest and in transit, ensuring that only authorized users can access the unencrypted data.
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It's also possible to audit any operation done on the database using the Audit feature in Azure SQL and SQL Server.
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[SQL Server Audit (Database Engine)](../relational-databases/security/auditing/sql-server-audit-database-engine.md)
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[SQL Server Audit (Database Engine)](../../relational-databases/security/auditing/sql-server-audit-database-engine.md)
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## Related content
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-[Intelligent applications and AI](artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications.md)
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-[Vector and embeddings: Frequently asked questions (FAQ)](../relational-databases/vectors/vectors-faq.md)
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-[Vector and embeddings: Frequently asked questions (FAQ)](vectors-faq.md)
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-[SQL AI Samples and Examples](https://aka.ms/sqlaisamples)
This article provides an overview of using artificial intelligence (AI) options, such as OpenAI and vectors, to build intelligent applications with the SQL Database Engine in SQL Server and Azure SQL Managed Instance.
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For Azure SQL Database, review [Azure SQL Database](/azure/azure-sql/database/ai-artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications).
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For samples and examples, visit the [SQL AI Samples repository](https://aka.ms/sqlaisamples).
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## Overview
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## Azure OpenAI
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Embedding is the process of representing the real world as data. Text, images, or sounds can be converted into embeddings. Azure OpenAI models are able to transform real-world information into embeddings. The models are available as REST endpoints and thus can easily be consumed from the SQL Database Engine using the [sp_invoke_external_rest_endpoint](../relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/sp-invoke-external-rest-endpoint-transact-sql.md) system stored procedure, available starting in [!INCLUDE [sssql25-md](../includes/sssql25-md.md)] and Azure SQL Managed Instance with the **SQL Server 2025** or **Always-up-to-date**[update policy](/azure/azure-sql/managed-instance/update-policy):
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Embedding is the process of representing the real world as data. Text, images, or sounds can be converted into embeddings. Azure OpenAI models are able to transform real-world information into embeddings. The models are available as REST endpoints and thus can easily be consumed from the SQL Database Engine using the [sp_invoke_external_rest_endpoint](../../relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/sp-invoke-external-rest-endpoint-transact-sql.md) system stored procedure, available starting in [!INCLUDE [sssql25-md](../../includes/sssql25-md.md)] and Azure SQL Managed Instance configured with the [Always-up-to-dateupdate policy](/azure/azure-sql/managed-instance/update-policy#always-up-to-date-update-policy).
Using a call to a REST service to get embeddings is just one of the integration options you have when working with SQL Managed Instance and OpenAI. You can let any of the [available models](/azure/ai-services/openai/concepts/models) access data stored in the SQL Database Engine to create solutions where your users can interact with the data, such as the following example:
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:::image type="content" source="media/ai-artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications/data-chatbot.png" alt-text="Screenshot of an AI bot answering the question using data stored in SQL Server.":::
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:::image type="content" source="../media/ai-artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications/data-chatbot.png" alt-text="Screenshot of an AI bot answering the question using data stored in SQL Server.":::
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For additional examples on using Azure SQL and OpenAI, see the following articles, which also apply to SQL Server and Azure SQL Managed Instance:
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## Vector examples
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The dedicated **vector** data type allows for efficient and optimized storing of vector data, and comes with a set of functions to help developers streamline vector and similarity search implementation. Calculating distance between two vectors can be done in one line of code using the new `VECTOR_DISTANCE` function. For more information and examples, see[Vector search and vector indexes in the SQL Database Engine](/sql/relational-databases/vectors/vectors-sql-server?view=azuresqldb-mi-current&preserve-view=true).
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The dedicated **vector** data type allows for efficient and optimized storing of vector data, and comes with a set of functions to help developers streamline vector and similarity search implementation. Calculating distance between two vectors can be done in one line of code using the new `VECTOR_DISTANCE` function. For more information and examples, review[Vector search and vector indexes in the SQL Database Engine](vectors.md).
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For example:
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The SQL Database Engine can be used to build intelligent applications that include AI features, such as recommenders, and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) as the following diagram demonstrates:
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:::image type="content" source="media/ai-artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications/session-recommender-architecture.png" alt-text="Diagram of different AI features to build intelligent applications with Azure SQL Database." lightbox="media/ai-artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications/session-recommender-architecture.png":::
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:::image type="content" source="../media/ai-artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications/session-recommender-architecture.png" alt-text="Diagram of different AI features to build intelligent applications with Azure SQL Database." lightbox="../media/ai-artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications/session-recommender-architecture.png":::
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For an end-to-end sample to build an AI-enabled application using sessions abstract as a sample dataset, see:
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-[How I built a session recommender in 1 hour using OpenAI](https://devblogs.microsoft.com/azure-sql/how-i-built-a-session-recommender-in-1-hour-using-open-ai/).
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-[Using Retrieval Augmented Generation to build a conference session assistant](https://github.com/Azure-Samples/azure-sql-db-session-recommender-v2)
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> [!NOTE]
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> LangChain integration and Semantic Kernel integration rely on the [vector data type](../t-sql/data-types/vector-data-type.md), which is available starting with [!INCLUDE [sssql25-md](../includes/sssql25-md.md)] and in Azure SQL Managed Instance configured with the **SQL Server 2025** or **Always-up-to-date**[update policy](/azure/azure-sql/managed-instance/update-policy).
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> LangChain integration and Semantic Kernel integration rely on the [vector data type](../../t-sql/data-types/vector-data-type.md), which is available starting with [!INCLUDE [sssql25-md](../../includes/sssql25-md.md)] and in Azure SQL Managed Instance configured with the [Always-up-to-dateupdate policy](/azure/azure-sql/managed-instance/update-policy#always-up-to-date-update-policy).
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### LangChain integration
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## Related content
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-[Intelligent applications and AI Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)](artificial-intelligence-intelligent-applications-faq.md)
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-[Vector and embeddings: Frequently asked questions (FAQ)](../relational-databases/vectors/vectors-faq.md)
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-[Vector and embeddings: Frequently asked questions (FAQ)](vectors-faq.md)
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-[Create and deploy an Azure OpenAI Service resource](/azure/ai-services/openai/how-to/create-resource?pivots=web-portal)
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/sql-server/what-s-new-in-sql-server-2025.md
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|[Copilot in SQL Server Management Studio](/ssms/copilot/copilot-in-ssms-overview)| Ask questions. Get answers from your data. |
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|[Vector data type](../t-sql/data-types/vector-data-type.md)| Store vector data optimized for operations such as similarity search and machine learning applications. Vectors are stored in an optimized binary format but are exposed as JSON arrays for convenience. Each element of the vector can be stored either using a single-precision (4-byte) or half-precision (2-byte) floating-point value. |
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|[Vector functions](../t-sql/functions/vector-functions-transact-sql.md)| New scalar functions perform operations on vectors in binary format, allowing applications to store and manipulate vectors in the SQL Database Engine. |
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|[Vector index](../relational-databases/vectors/vectors-sql-server.md#vector-search)| Create and manage approximate vector indexes to quickly and efficiently find similar vectors to a given reference vector.<br /><br />Query vector indexes from [sys.vector_indexes](../relational-databases/system-catalog-views/sys-vector-indexes-transact-sql.md). Requires [PREVIEW_FEATURES database scoped configuration](../t-sql/statements/alter-database-scoped-configuration-transact-sql.md#preview-features). |
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|[Vector index](../sql-server/ai/vectors.md#vector-search)| Create and manage approximate vector indexes to quickly and efficiently find similar vectors to a given reference vector.<br /><br />Query vector indexes from [sys.vector_indexes](../relational-databases/system-catalog-views/sys-vector-indexes-transact-sql.md). Requires [PREVIEW_FEATURES database scoped configuration](../t-sql/statements/alter-database-scoped-configuration-transact-sql.md#preview-features). |
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|[Manage external AI models](../t-sql/statements/create-external-model-transact-sql.md)| Manage external AI model objects for embedding tasks (creating vector arrays) accessing REST AI inference endpoints. |
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