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sql-server-linux-connect-and-query.md

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sql-server-linux-connect-and-query.md

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title Connect to SQL Server on Linux - SQL Server vNext CTP1 | Microsoft Docs
description This topic provides an overview of connection requirements for SQL Server on Linux. The sqlcmd tool is used for an example.
author rothja
ms.author jroth
manager jhubbard
ms.date 11/14/2016
ms.topic article
ms.prod sql-linux
ms.technology database-engine
ms.assetid 2b5aa551-3ad7-4f0d-b69b-4fe692dbbcee

Connect to SQL Server on Linux

This topic provides connection requirements and guidance for SQL Server vNext CTP1 running on Linux. In most cases, the connection requirements and processes do not differ across platforms. But this topic approaches the subject in the context of Linux and then points to other resources.

Connection requirements

To connect to SQL Server on Linux, you must use SQL Authentication (username and password). To connect remotely, you must ensure that the port SQL Server listens on is open. The default instance of SQL Server listens on TCP port 1433. Depending on your Linux distribution and configuration, you might have to open this port in the firewall.

Tools

You can connect to SQL Server using a client tool or through code. For example, the following command uses the sqlcmd tool to connect to the local SQL Server instance and return a list of database names.

sqlcmd -H localhost -U SA -P password -Q "SELECT Name from sys.Databases"

For a complete example of connecting and querying, see Connect and query SQL Server on Linux with sqlcmd.

For examples of how to connect with other tools, see the Develop and Manage areas.

Troubleshoot connection failures

If you are having difficulty connecting to your Linux SQL Server instance, there are a few things to check.

  • Verify that the server name or IP address is reachable from your client machine.

    [!TIP] To find the IP address of your Linux machine, you can run the ifconfig command as in the following example.

    ifconfig eth0 | grep 'inet'

    One exception to this technique relates to Azure VMs. For Azure VMs, find the public IP for the VM in the Azure portal.

  • If applicable, check that you have opened the SQL Server port (default 1433) on the firewall.

  • For Azure VMs, check that you have a network security group rule for the default SQL Server port.

  • Verify that the user name and password do not contain any typos or extra spaces or incorrect casing.

  • Try to explicitly set the protocol and port number with the server name like the following: tcp:servername,1433.

  • Network connectivity issues can also cause connection errors and timeouts. After verifying your connection information and network connectivity, try the connection again.

Requirements for Linux VMs in Azure

If you are running Linux in an Azure virtual machine (VM), you must also create a Network Security Group rule for port 1433 to connect to SQL Server remotely.

  1. In the Azure portal, select your Linux VM, and then select the Network interfaces setting.

  2. In the next blade, select your network interface to view its properties.

  3. In the Network interface blade, click the Network security group link to manage the Network Security Group associated with your VM.

  4. Create a Network Security Group rule. For step-by-step instructions, use the steps in Create rules in an existing NSG. These provide the steps for creating an NSG rule, but you must customize your rule for incoming TCP traffic on port 1433. This is shown in the following screenshot.

    SQL Server network security group rule

Next Steps

See the walkthrough for how to connect and query using sqlcmd.