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Networked VR: State of the Art, Solutions, and Challenges

Jinjia Ruan, Dongliang Xie
2021 Electronics  
In addition to a thorough summary of recent progress, we also present an outlook of future developments in the quality of immersive experience networks and unified data set measurement in VR video transmission  ...  Other key aspects must be considered, such as wireless operation, ultra-low latency, client/network access, system deployment, edge computing/cache, and end-to-end reliability.  ...  and caching resources on mobile VR devices.  ... 
doi:10.3390/electronics10020166 fatcat:s2hmmr6dqrcztkft2r7uqmnq44

Network Support for AR/VR and Immersive Video Application: A Survey

Dongbiao He, Cedric Westphal, J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves
2018 Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on e-Business and Telecommunications  
This experience will only be satisfying when the network infrastructure is able to support these applications. Current networks however, are still having a hard time streaming high quality videos.  ...  We survey the literature on AR/VR networking, and we focus here on the potential underlying network issues.  ...  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Dongbiao He is supported by the Tsinghua Scholarship for Overseas Graduate Studies.  ... 
doi:10.5220/0006941705250535 dblp:conf/icete/HeWG18 fatcat:pucnum62nrddhbbwpn52cu2ata

Video Caching, Analytics and Delivery at the Wireless Edge: A Survey and Future Directions

Behrouz Jedari, Gopika Premsankar, Gazi Illahi, Mario Di Francesco, Abbas Mehrabi, Antti Yla-Jaaski
2020 IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials  
Index Terms-Wireless communications, 5G networks, Internet of Things, mobile edge computing, edge analytics, video analytics, caching, task offloading, video streaming, quality of experience.  ...  Specifically, it includes: a tutorial on video streaming in mobile networks (e.g., video encoding and adaptive bit-rate streaming); an overview of mobile network architectures, enabling technologies, and  ...  Fig. 4 . 4 A general video streaming pipeline over the Internet. Fig. 5 . 5 (a) Scalable and (b) non-scalable representations of a video for DASH streaming.  ... 
doi:10.1109/comst.2020.3035427 fatcat:ialgflav5nao3fwptbmyvtfhpa

An Edge and Fog Computing Platform for Effective Deployment of 360 Video Applications

Giovanni Rigazzi, Jani-Pekka Kainulainen, Charles Turyagyenda, Alain Mourad, Jaehyun Ahn
2019 2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)  
Immersive video applications based on 360 video streaming require high-bandwidth, high-reliability and lowlatency 5G connectivity but also flexible, low-latency and costeffective computing deployment.  ...  This paper proposes a novel solution for decomposing and distributing the end-to-end 360 video streaming service across three computing tiers, namely cloud, edge and constrained fog, in order of proximity  ...  ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work has been partially funded by the H2020 collaborative Europe/Taiwan research project 5G-CORAL (grant num. 761586).  ... 
doi:10.1109/wcncw.2019.8902860 dblp:conf/wcnc/RigazziKTMA19 fatcat:cicdl23y2vetxg4hk7gn3gfbsm

Fog Computing as an Enabler for Immersive Media: Service Scenarios and Research Opportunities

Dongho You, Tung V. Doan, Roberto Torre, Mahshid Mehrabi, Alexander Kropp, Vu Nguyen, Hani Salah, Giang T. Nguyen, Frank H. P. Fitzek
2019 IEEE Access  
Immersive media services, such as augmented reality and virtual reality (AR/VR), a 360degree video, and free-viewpoint video (FVV), are popular today.  ...  Fog computing-based radio access networks (F-RAN), in contrast, have been widely considered as an enabler for immersive media.  ...  Therefore, the RTT is likely to increase in the case of high mobility, because the UE has to request new tiled videos, and also the F-AP has to stream the new tiled videos.  ... 
doi:10.1109/access.2019.2917291 fatcat:3hx5x56nazgcjprxx5f4g5wzrq

Firefly: Untethered Multi-user VR for Commodity Mobile Devices

Xing Liu, Christina Vlachou, Feng Qian, Chendong Wang, Kyu-Han Kim
2020 USENIX Annual Technical Conference  
Firefly is an untethered multi-user virtual reality (VR) system for commodity mobile devices.  ...  We use our prototype to demonstrate, for the first time, the feasibility of supporting 15 mobile VR users at 60 FPS using COTS smartphones and a single AP/server.  ...  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the voluntary users who participated in our study, the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments, and Philip Levis for shepherding the paper.  ... 
dblp:conf/usenix/LiuV0WK20 fatcat:pdbjv4y5mvborkaeyazbdx2pma

VR Video Conferencing over Named Data Networks

Liyang Zhang, Syed Obaid Amin, Cedric Westphal
2017 Proceedings of the Workshop on Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Network - VR/AR Network '17  
We propose a VR video conferencing system over named data networks (NDN). The system is designed to support real-time, multi-party streaming and playback of 360 degree video on a web player.  ...  Therefore, the proposed system has the potential to provide immersive VR experience for real-time multi-party video conferencing.  ...  To demonstrate the benefits of ICN for AR/VR, we consider here the implementation of such a VR application using NDN. Namely, we describe the implementation of an immersive 360 video stream over NDN.  ... 
doi:10.1145/3097895.3097897 dblp:conf/sigcomm/ZhangAW17 fatcat:uuxco22rojfs7g2mgqwuvjniyu

QoE Management of Multimedia Streaming Services in Future Networks: A Tutorial and Survey

Alcardo Alex Barakabitze, Nabajeet Barman, Arslan Ahmad, Saman Zadtootaghaj, Lingfen Sun, Maria G. Martini, Luigi Atzori
2019 IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials  
This followed by a discussion of HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) solutions as the dominant technique for streaming videos over the best-effort Internet.  ...  adaptive streaming over emerging architectures such as multi-access edge computing, cloud/fog computing, and information-centric networking; and c) extended QoE management approaches in new domains such  ...  over softwarized 5G networks is needed.  ... 
doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2958784 fatcat:7bgzl5rpmfgedo5e5psz7i3t4a

Low Latency Streaming for Path-Walking VR Systems

Won-Ki Seo, Chae Eun Rhee
2022 IEEE Access  
The interactive path-walking VR service is entry-level immersive video, but streaming over the network is still challenging.  ...  It is expected that the results of this paper will provide insight to those who design interactive streaming systems for immersive media applications.  ...  RELATED WORK There have been many studies for low-latency VR streaming. Most techniques start from the transmission of omnidirectional videos.  ... 
doi:10.1109/access.2022.3174351 fatcat:ngc4ltigend4jcjkblt533lhby

360° Innovations for Panoramic Video Streaming

Xing Liu, Qingyang Xiao, Vijay Gopalakrishnan, Bo Han, Feng Qian, Matteo Varvello
2017 Proceedings of the 16th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks - HotNets-XVI  
mobile devices.  ...  upgrading, big-data-assisted head movement prediction and rate adaptation, novel support for multipath streaming, and enhancements to live 360°video broadcast.  ...  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to thank the HotNets reviewers for their valuable feedback. The research of Feng Qian was supported in part by a Google Faculty Award.  ... 
doi:10.1145/3152434.3152443 dblp:conf/hotnets/LiuXGH0V17 fatcat:i4t4wbu5xzczlbbiumw64t2q74

Towards Enabling Next Generation Societal Virtual Reality Applications for Virtual Human Teleportation [article]

Jacob Chakareski, Mahmudur Khan, Murat Yuksel
2022 arXiv   pre-print
system concept is introduced that embodies this holistic integration, unified with a rigorous analysis, to capture the fundamental synergies and interplay between communications, computation, and signal scalability  ...  Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology of great societal potential. Some of its most exciting and promising use cases include remote scene content and untethered lifelike navigation.  ...  More recently, due to its ability to reduce network latency and help mobile devices offload part of their computation, edge computing and caching have started to be investigated for delivering 360 • content  ... 
arXiv:2208.04998v1 fatcat:utj7l4y24batzf2qqcoucfy2te

Adaptive Bitrate Video Streaming for Wireless nodes: A Survey [article]

Kamran Nishat, Omprakash Gnawali, Ahmed Abdelhadi
2020 arXiv   pre-print
Recently, many research papers have presented models and schemes to optimize the Adaptive BitRate (ABR) based video streaming for wireless and mobile users.  ...  Hence, most of the Internet traffic is video over wireless nodes. There is a plethora of research to improve video streaming to achieve high Quality of Experience (QoE) over the Internet.  ...  Although their main focus is not video streaming but most of their evaluation is done over video. Their scheme provides more reliable video stream for high speed mobile client.  ... 
arXiv:2008.00087v1 fatcat:gle6jqfgzzcf7jzazqa2eyv2w4

Tile-Based Joint Caching and Delivery of 360^o Videos in Heterogeneous Networks [article]

Pantelis Maniotis, Eirina Bourtsoulatze, Nikolaos Thomos
2019 arXiv   pre-print
The recent surge of applications involving the use of 360^o video challenges mobile networks infrastructure, as 360^o video files are of significant size, and current delivery and edge caching architectures  ...  Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed method for various system parameters and compare it with schemes that do not consider 360^o video encoding into multiple tiles and quality layers, as  ...  The impact of collaborative caching for video streaming systems in mobile networks is studied in [22] .  ... 
arXiv:1902.09581v2 fatcat:cl7nq3ibv5dajdpvmxzpvfjtty

A survey on video streaming in multipath and multihomed overlay networks

Ali Ali Hodroj, Marc Ibrahim, Yassine Hadjadj-Aoul
2021 IEEE Access  
and Mobile Edge computing, VR 360 video, and the Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT).  ...  As such, our work tries to be as comprehensive as possible to relate multipath and multihoming research solutions for video streaming to the current and emerging video streaming technologies.  ...  MOBILE WIRELESS VIDEO STREAMING In recent years, mobile wireless video streaming over the internet shows exponential growth. Wu et al.  ... 
doi:10.1109/access.2021.3076464 fatcat:bql3hvmxenesvawb72xilv3qkm

Deploying a Novel 5G-Enabled Architecture on City Infrastructure for Ultra-High Definition and Immersive Media Production and Broadcasting

Carlos Colman-Meixner, Hamzeh Khalili, Konstantinos Antoniou, Muhammad Shuaib Siddiqui, Apostolos Papageorgiou, Antonino Albanese, Paolo Cruschelli, Gino Carrozzo, Luca Vignaroli, Alexandre Ulisses, Pedro Santos, Jordi Colom (+7 others)
2019 IEEE transactions on broadcasting  
videos available for all the VR users.  ...  The transport layer for video over IP uses User Data Protocol (UDP) for realtime video transport to avoid unnecessary retransmission for live streams.  ... 
doi:10.1109/tbc.2019.2901387 fatcat:ahiqn6of4bdgfilmswwxdtxmuq
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